Motor Winding Wire Size Calculator for Distance

Wire Size Calculation:

\[ AWG = \text{Base Size} + \text{Distance Factor} + \text{Current Factor} \]

Current:

Amps

Distance:

meters

Voltage:

Volts

Max Voltage Drop:

Recommended Wire Size:

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Motor Winding Wire Size Calculation?

The Motor Winding Wire Size Calculator determines the appropriate wire gauge (AWG) for motor windings based on current, distance, voltage, and acceptable voltage drop. Proper wire sizing ensures efficient power transmission and prevents excessive voltage drop.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the voltage drop formula:

\[ AWG = 50 - \frac{10 \times \log_{10}(\frac{2 \times D \times 12 \times I \times 10.4}{V_{drop}} / 1000)}{3} \]

Where:

\( D \) — Distance (feet)
\( I \) — Current (Amps)
\( V_{drop} \) — Maximum voltage drop (Volts)
10.4 — Constant for copper wire at 75°C

Explanation: The calculation accounts for resistance over distance to maintain acceptable voltage drop for the given current.

3. Importance of Proper Wire Sizing

Details: Correct wire sizing prevents excessive voltage drop, reduces power loss, minimizes heat generation, and ensures motor operates at designed efficiency.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter current in Amps, distance in meters, system voltage, and maximum acceptable voltage drop percentage. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is voltage drop important?
A: Excessive voltage drop can cause motors to run hotter, reduce efficiency, and deliver less than rated power.

Q2: What's a typical voltage drop percentage?
A: 3% is common for branch circuits, but may vary based on application requirements.

Q3: Does this work for both AC and DC motors?
A: The calculator works for both, though AC applications may need additional considerations for power factor.

Q4: What about temperature effects?
A: The calculation uses standard copper resistance at 75°C. For extreme temperatures, additional adjustments may be needed.

Q5: How does wire material affect sizing?
A: This calculator assumes copper wire. Aluminum would require larger gauge for same current capacity.